A Negative Review of Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition

A rather negative review of my book Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition: Evolutionary Origins, History, and Prospects for the Future appeared by someone who calls himself thezman. I am not familiar with his blog, but he seems to be basically on the right side of things as indicated by its blogroll, which includes Vdare.com, AmRen, Steve Sailer, etc. Since most people are not going to wade through a 500+-page book, this is my version of the main ideas.

Thezman’s review will not be helpful to someone who isn’t familiar with the book because it leaves out critical information and basic ideas. The review begins by complaining that I don’t get around to defining individualism until Chapter 8. But a major point, ignored by the reviewer, is that there are two clearly spelled out definitions of individualism in Chapters 2 and 3 respectively, the aristocratic individualism of the Indo-Europeans, and the egalitarian individualism of the northern hunter-gatherers. Unless one discusses these concepts, the entire point of the book is missed because it’s essentially about how these two types of individualism played out in history, with the power of aristocratic individualism gradually decreasing after the English Civil War in the mid-seventeenth century. One would do better by reading some of the reviews on Amazon, such as this one; or even better, read Prof. Ricardo Duchesne’s 9-part review for the Council of European Canadians.

Re aristocratic individualism, from Chapter 2:

The novelty of Indo-European culture was that it was not based on a single king or a typical clan-type organization based on extended kinship groups but on an aristocratic elite that was egalitarian within the group. Critically, this elite was not tied together by kinship bonds as would occur in a clan-based society, but by individual pursuit of fame and fortune, particularly the former. The men who became leaders were not despots, but peers with other warriors—an egalitarianism among aristocrats. Successful warriors individuated themselves in dress, sporting beads, belts, etc., with a flair for ostentation. This resulted in a “vital, action-oriented, and linear picture of the world” [citing Ricardo Duchesne’s The Uniqueness of Western Civilization]i.e., as moving forward in pursuit of the goal of increasing prestige. Leaders commanded by voluntary consent, not servitude, and being a successful leader meant having many clients who pledged their loyalty; often the clients were young unmarried men looking to make their way in the world. The leader was therefore a “first among equals.” …

Oath-bound contracts of reciprocal relationships [not biological relatedness] were characteristic of [Proto-Indo-Europeans] and this practice continued with the various [Indo-European] groups that invaded Europe. These contracts formed the basis of patron-client relationships based on reputation—leaders could expect loyal service from their followers and followers could expect equitable rewards for their service to the leader. This is critical because these relationships are based on talent and accomplishment, not ethnicity (i.e., rewarding people on the basis of closeness of kinship) or despotic subservience (where followers are essentially unfree).

Thus aristocratic individualism is fundamentally about individual accomplishment rather than kinship ties as being at the heart of social organization while retaining a strongly hierarchical social structure. Chapter 3 describes Egalitarian Individualism:

As noted in Chapter 2, there were already strong strands of individualism in Indo-European-derived cultures. Thus the argument here is not that northern [hunter-gatherers; h-gs] are the only basis of Western individualism, but that Indo-European individualism dovetailed significantly with that of h-gs they encountered in northwest Europe. The major difference between these two strands is that I-E-derived cultures are strongly hierarchical and relatively egalitarian only within aristocratic peer groups (aristocratic individualism), while the h-g’s were strongly egalitarian without qualification. The burden of this chapter is to make the case for this.  The contrast and conflict between aristocratic (hierarchical) individualism and egalitarian individualism is of fundamental importance for my later argument.

I really don’t understand how a competent reviewer could miss this, or the material in the following paragraph on the evolutionary basis of egalitarianism in hunter-gatherer groups and the central importance of moral communities as the social glue binding hunter-gatherer communities rather than extensive kinship. This concept is critical for understanding Chapters 6–8. From Chapter 3:

Egalitarianism is a notable trait of hunter-gatherer groups around the world. Such groups have mechanisms that prevent despotism and ensure reciprocity, with punishment ranging from physical harm to shunning and ostracism.[1] Christopher Boehm describes hunter-gatherer societies as moral communities in which women have a major role,[2] and the idea that Western cultures, particularly since the seventeenth century, are moral communities based on a hunter-gatherer egalitarian ethic will play a major role here, particularly in Chapters 6-8. In such societies people are closely scrutinized to note deviations from social norms; violators are shunned, ridiculed, and ostracized. Decisions, including decisions to sanction a person, are by consensus. Adult males treat each other as equals.

Re climate, I certainly agree that climate is important, as emphasized in Chapter 3 on the northern hunter-gatherers, where the harsh climate of Scandinavia resulted in a general deemphasis on extended kinship in favor of nuclear families. The Indo-Europeans originated in what is now Ukraine but developed a very different culture than the hunter-gatherers. Their culture was completely militarized—likely needed to survive and prosper in the steppes where marauding groups were the norm (not the case in Scandinavia). Their individualism, whereby individual merit mattered more than kinship, was highly adaptive in getting the best leaders. I suppose this could have been simply a cultural invention enabled by domain-general processing (see below; the cultural invention approach is emphasized by Joseph Henrich in his The WEIRDest People in the World: How the West Became Psychologically Peculiar and Particularly Prosperous re the role of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages). Or it could have been due to a similar scenario as that sketched in Chapter 3 for the northern hunter-gatherers: Both of these groups lived in areas where one kinship group couldn’t control the basis of economic production. In the case of the northern hunter-gatherers, their source of food on the Scandinavian littoral was not available year-around, forcing them to retreat into small family-based bands where only very close kinship relationships mattered for part of the year (Chapter 3). On the other hand, the proto-Indo-Europeans periodically traveled for extended periods in their wagons in small family-based groups to grazing areas for their cattle and returned to the larger encampment. Again, no kinship group could control the vast steppe region, and relatively intensive kinship typical of hunter-gatherers rather than extensive kinship relations (e.g., in a Middle Eastern clan) would continue as the fundamental basis of social organization. I favor the ecological scenario, but the cultural innovation perspective is also possible. However, a purely cultural shift would have to entail strong social controls to prevent evolved predilections for kinship ties from dominating. Seems difficult and there is no evidence for it.

[thezman:] The first three chapters of the book cover the migration of people into Europe and what we know about the organizational structures. Europe was initially settled by hunter-gatherers with an egalitarian culture. Then nomadic people with an aristocratic warrior class came in from the east. MacDonald argues that the genetic basis for egalitarianism and meritocracy is in these original people. This is not an argument from science, but rather an argument from inference.

Thezman thus ignores the ecological argument of Chapter 3, the clear evidence for individualism in both of these groups, and the genetic cline from northern to southern Europe revealed by population genetic research discussed in Chapter 1.

[thezman:] It cannot be emphasized enough how marriage patterns and family formation helped define what we think of as the West. The rapid decline in cousin marriage, for example, is arguably the great leap forward for Western people. It naturally lead [sic] to the evolution of alternatives to narrow kinship in human cooperation. MacDonald does a good job summarizing how these mating patterns were brought to the West with the aristocratic people who migrated from the East.

But it’s not just the aristocratic peoples from the East that created the familial basis of individualism (i.e., a tendency toward nuclear families rather than, say, compound families common in Southern and Eastern Europe based on brothers living together with their wives). I argue in Chapter 4 that the nuclear family pattern is strongest in Scandinavia, a result I attribute to climate (monogamy is favored in harsh environments because of the difficulty of men provisioning the children of more than one woman) in conjunction with the ecological argument noted above.

[thezman:] In the next chapters the focus shifts to culture and history. Chapter four is about European family formation. The focus is entirely on Europe, so the reader is left to guess why this differs from the rest of the world.

But the arguments from Chapters 2 and 3 make it clear that the roots of individualism in both the Indo-Europeans and the northern hunter-gatherers are essentially primordial, as noted above.

[thezman:] Chapter eight is an interesting chapter in that he finally gets around to providing a definition of individualism. He states at the opening that individualist societies are based on the reputation of the individual. Group cohesion depends on the members judging other members on an individual basis. Each member also accepts that he will be judged by society as an individual. This contrasts with other societies where membership in a tribe or clan is the basis for judging people.

But the theme of the importance of reputation appears long before Chapter 8. Indeed the word ‘reputation’ appears around 80 times in the entire book, beginning with Chapter 1 and throughout the book. The stage is set for developing the importance of reputation in the emphasis on individual military reputation in Chapter 2 on the Indo-Europeans and the concept of moral communities in Chapter 3—individuals were trusted to the extent that they had a good reputation, and trust was not based on kinship distance. This chart contrasting northwestern European hunter-gathers with the Middle Old World culture  is from Chapter 3:

Northwestern

European H-G

Cultural Origins

Middle Old-World

Cultural Origins

Evolutionary

History

Hunting, gathering Pastoralism, agriculture
Kinship 

System

Bilateral;
weakly patricentric
Unilineal;
strongly patricentric
Family System Nuclear family;

simple household

Extended family;
joint household
Marriage  Exogamous;

monogamous

Endogamous,
consanguineous;
polygynous
Marriage

Psychology

Individual choice based on personal characteristics of spouse Utilitarian; based on
family strategizing within kinship group
Position of

Women

Relatively high Relatively low
Ethnocentrism Relatively low Relatively high
Social Status Mainly influenced by reputation Mainly influenced by status in kinship group
Trust Trust based on individual’s reputation Trust based mainly on kinship distance

Contrasts between European and Middle Old-World Cultural Forms

[thezman:] This gets to the major flaw in the book. It needs an editor. The parts are here for a straight line argument that individualism has genetic roots and that it was selected for in European people. As humans adapted to the harsh northern climates, they adopted social structures that rewarded the behaviors necessary to survive as a group in the areas we now call Europe. While we cannot locate an “individualism gene” we can infer it through things like marriage patterns and family formation.

I realize that at 511 pages, Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition is something of a tome but I think there is in fact a straight-line—albeit complex—argument. The difficulty is that one is dealing with two different forms of individualism and how they play out in history. The primordial tendencies of all three groups (the Indo-Europeans, the northern hunter-gatherers and Early Farmers) and how they influence family structure (Ch. 4) must be integrated. But one must also include the argument on the role of the Church in accommodating to aristocratic individualism in the early Middle Ages (the Germanization of Christianity) and ultimately facilitating egalitarian individualism (e.g., the canon law of moral universalism, monogamy, exogamy. Canon law swept away the morality of the ancient world based on natural inequality characteristic of the aristocratic moral framework and substituted a morality based on moral egalitarianism and individual conscience, paving the way for outbreaks of Protestant-type individualist thinking about religion during the later Middle Ages) (Ch. 5). This culminated in the Protestant Reformation and the rise to dominance of egalitarian individualism, leading to the English Civil War and the gradual decline of aristocratic individualism (Ch. 6). And then Chapter 7 (which is completely unmentioned in the review) focuses on egalitarian individualism and how it figured in the movement to eradicate slavery by creating a moral community that abhorred slavery. In any case, its tomeishness is no reason to fail to comment on the central differences and the historical dynamic between aristocratic individualism and egalitarian individualism. There is an argument there, but I rather doubt that thezman read it carefully enough to get it.

[thezman:] This [a shorter book] would make for a nice, crisp two-hundred-page book. Instead, these bits are spread over five hundred pages, mixed with material that is highly debatable. People familiar with the history of the early church, for example, will scratch their head at the assertions made in chapter five. The section on Puritanism often seems to contradict what he said in early chapters about individualism. A professional editor could have pointed this out and forced a rethinking of these chapters.

It’s not professional to complain about the statements in Chapter 5 without saying what was puzzling. And the chapter on Puritanism shows that essentially it started out as what one might call a group of individualists (because of their evolutionary background as northern Europeans). This concatenation of individuals formed a cohesive group via powerful social controls embedded in Calvinism. In America, the Puritans originated with the intention of keeping non-Puritans out of Massachusetts (building “the proverbial city on a hill”), but this gradually gave way, mainly because of the colonial policies of the British government preventing the colony from restricting immigration and settlement. During the nineteenth century, several intellectual offshoots of Puritanism, having escaped the powerful social controls of Calvinism, revealed themselves to be radical individualists (e.g., the libertarian anarchists).

[thezman:] Another problem with the book is that it is not really about individualism so much as a way to support his theory of group evolutionary strategy. As a result, he reduces group behavior to individual motivations. This sort of reductionism is common among older right-wing writers for some reason. That generation has always had a fetish for assigning base human desires to the behavior of groups. For some reason, emergent behavior lies beyond their intellectual event horizon.

Sorry, but I don’t get this; I would like to see examples where I reduce group behavior to individual motivations or assign “base human desires to the behavior of groups.” The whole point of cultural group selection theory (which has gradually become eminently respectable) is that groups are a fundamental category of natural selection, that groups are far more than a concatenation of individuals—an idea I first developed regarding the ancient Spartans (Social and Personality Development: An Evolutionary Synthesis (Plenum, 1988) and later applied to traditional Jewish groups (A People That Shall Dwell Alone: Judaism as a Group Evolutionary Strategy (Praeger, 1994). Take a look at Chapter 1 of the latter; it’s a cultural group selection argument. Think of a military unit. Group behavior is not a simple function of individual motivations but of a hierarchical command structure enforced by rigid discipline; cheaters in the ranks are often forced to suffer severe penalties, thereby solving the fundamental problem of group selection: human groups, unlike the vast majority of animals, are able to develop social controls and  ideologies that prevent individual cheating detrimental to group interests. This is a major theme of A People That Shall Dwell Alone where I show that heretical Jews were dealt with harshly.

Moreover, my argument is definitely not biologically reductionist, since there is a major role for cultural innovation via human general intelligence and its control over the modular mechanisms of the lower brain (see here and here on the links between general intelligence and innovation, solving novel problems, and solving old problems in new ways). My view is that ideologies are not reducible to the deterministic output of evolved modules, and this should have been apparent from reading the book, especially Chapters 5 and 8. From Chapter 5:

Religious beliefs are able to motivate behavior because of the ability of explicit representations of religious thoughts (e.g., the traditional Catholic teaching of eternal punishment in Hell as a result of mortal sin) to control sub-cortical modular mechanisms (e.g., sexual desire). In other words, the affective states and action tendencies mediated by implicit [modular] processing are controllable by higher brain centers located in the cortex.[3] For example, people are able to effortfully suppress sexual thoughts, even though there is a strong evolutionary basis for males in particular becoming aroused by sexual imagery. Thus, under experimental conditions, male subjects who were instructed to distance themselves from sexually arousing imagery were able to suppress their sexual arousal. Imagine that instead of a psychologist giving instructions, people were subjected to religious ideas that such thoughts were sinful and would be punished by God.

Ideologies such as the Christian ideology of the sinfulness of sexual thoughts are a particularly important form of explicit processing [i.e., non-modular processing linked to general intelligence] that may result in top-down control over behavior. That is, explicit construals of the world may motivate behavior. For example, explicit construals of costs and benefits of religiously relevant actions mediated by human language and the ability of humans to create [emphasis added here] explicit representations of events may influence individuals to avoid religiously proscribed food or refrain from fornication or adultery in the belief that such actions would lead to punishments in the afterlife.

Ideologies, including religious ideologies, characterize a significant number of people and motivate their behavior in a top-down manner—i.e., the higher cognitive functions involving explicit processing located primarily in the prefrontal cortex are able to control the more primitive (modular, reflexive) parts of the brain such as structures underlying sexual desire. Ideologies are coherent sets of beliefs. These explicitly held beliefs are able to exert a control function over behavior and evolved predispositions.

There is no reason to suppose that ideologies are necessarily adaptive. Ideologies often characterize the vast majority of people who belong to voluntary subgroups within a society (e.g., a particular religious sect). Moreover, ideologies are often intimately intertwined with various social controls—rationalizing the controls but also benefitting from the power of social controls to enforce ideological conformity in schools or in religious institutions [e.g., Marxist control of the educational system in the USSR]. The next section illustrates these themes as applied to regulating monogamy in Western Europe.

Ideologies are cultural creations enabled by human general intelligence and language; they are not a deterministic outcome of evolved psychological mechanisms. In Chapter 8 I discuss the ability of ideologies such as racial egalitarianism created by elites throughout the West that dominate the media and academia to control evolved tendencies toward ethnocentrism—a major problem for White people now. Hence, I absolutely reject biological reductionionism. Thus the title of my book, The Culture of Critique. Culture is critical and underdetermined by our evolutionary history.

[thezman:] The final criticism of the book is that it fails to explain why individualism has led the West to the verge of self-extinction. It has become an article of faith in certain circles that Western individualism is the cause of decline. Some argue that it makes it possible for tribal minority groups to exert undue influence on society to the detriment of the majority population. If so, then why now and not a century ago or five centuries ago when the West was far more fragmented?

Again, I think the argument is quite clear: the rise of a substantially Jewish elite (i.e., thezman’s “tribal minority”) hostile to the traditional people and culture of the West discussed extensively in Chapters 6 and 8, and continued in Chapter 9. From Chapter 9:

So, what went wrong? Why, little more than a half century after the countercultural revolution, is the West on the verge of suicide, everywhere inundated by other peoples—peoples that are typically far more clannish, far more prone to corruption (an endemic problem in much of the Third World where relationships are based primarily on kinship rather than individual merit and trust of non-kin), and often of demonstrably lower intelligence. This has continued to the point that Western peoples are on the verge of becoming minorities in areas they have dominated for hundreds or, in Europe, thousands of years.  Ultimately, if present trends continue, their unique genetic heritage will be lost entirely. One need only look at the demographic trend lines in all Western countries, steady declines in the White percentage of the world population, and generally below-replacement White fertility in the context of massive immigration of non-Whites. Extinction, after all, is just as much a part of the story of life as the evolution of new life forms.

This ongoing disaster for the traditional people of America is the direct result of the rise of a new elite as a result of the 1960s countercultural revolution. This new elite despises the traditional people and culture of America.

The above is essentially a reference to the argument from Chapter 6 on the decline of the WASP elite and the rise of a substantially Jewish elite, culminating in the 1960s countercultural revolution and recounted in my book The Culture of Critique (especially Chapter 3). The above passage continues:

The intellectuals who came to dominate American intellectual discourse and academe were quite aware of the need to appeal to Western proclivities toward individualism, egalitarianism, and moral universalism discussed throughout this volume. A theme of The Culture of Critique is that moral indictments of their opponents have been prominent in the writings of these activist intellectuals, including political radicals and those opposing biological perspectives on individual and group differences in IQ. A sense of moral superiority was also prevalent in the psychoanalytic movement, and the Frankfurt School developed the view that social science was to be judged by moral criteria.

The triumph of these intellectual movements to the point of consensus in the West has created a moral community where people who do not subscribe to their beliefs are seen as not only intellectually deficient but as morally evil.

It was noted in Chapter 6 that during the period of ethnic defense in the 1920s, Darwinist thinking on race was common throughout Western culture and assumed prominence among many U.S. immigration restrictionists, energized by the changing ethnic balance of the United States. A theme of The Culture of Critique is that the intellectuals who became influential beginning in the 1930s (particularly the Boasian school of anthropology) targeted Darwinian theories of race as well as individual identities based on White racial group identity. For example, attacking racial identities in favor of atomized individualism for European-Americans was a central strategy of the Frankfurt School. Group identities based on race and even the family, were portrayed as an indication of psychopathology. Radical individualism was thus promoted by intellectuals who retained a strong allegiance to their own group and self-consciously promoted group interests.

These ideologies fell on particularly fertile soil because they dovetailed with Western European tendencies toward individualism. And whereas individualism has been the key characteristic of Western peoples in their rise to world dominance, these ideologies and their internalization by so many Europeans now play a major role in facilitating Western dispossession.

In particular, the ideology that White identity and having a sense of White interests are signs of psychopathology has made it impossible in mainstream media and academia to argue for the legitimate interests of White people in having homelands and in avoiding becoming minorities in societies they have dominated for hundreds, and in the case of Europe, thousands of years. Such ideologies are disseminated by the mainstream media—including conservative and libertarian media—and throughout the educational system, from elementary school through university.

They have in effect created a moral community that is radically opposed to the interests of Whites. And as with the Puritans, the new elite has been able to create a culture of altruistic punishment in which White people punish fellow Whites who deviate from the dogmas of the moral community created by the new elite, even at the cost of compromising the long-term interests of themselves and their descendants.

These ideologies have been increasingly buttressed by powerful social controls. As discussed in Chapter 8, in much of the West these controls include formal legislation punishing critics of immigration and Western dispossession. Because of the First Amendment, such statutory controls are in their infancy in the United States but are likely to gain traction in the coming years if the left gains power.

However, informal controls are also very effective in the United States and throughout the West. For example, many people have been fired from their jobs as a result of the actions of activist organizations simply phoning their employers. These organizations take advantage of the moral community created by media and academic elites over the last 50 years by limiting the influence of dissident individuals and exposing them to public scrutiny, thereby subjecting them to ostracism and job loss. The effectiveness of these tactics relies on elite consensus and conformist popular attitudes for their effectiveness. Scientifically based ideas that were entirely respectable less than a century ago now result in ostracism and job loss.

You can disagree with that (please do!), but it’s unprofessional to review this book without mentioning the book’s discussion of the role of the rise of the Jews in creating the culture of Western suicide. But once again, a critical piece of the argument is missing from the review. One wonders if thezman did anything more than thumb through the book.


[1] Christopher H. Boehm, Hierarchy in the Forest: The Evolution of Egalitarian (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999).

[2] Ibid., 8.

[3] Kevin MacDonald, “Evolution and a Dual Processing Theory of Culture: Applications to Moral Idealism and Political Philosophy,” Politics and Culture (Issue, #1, April, 2010), unpaginated; see also K. MacDonald, K. (2009). Evolution, Psychology, and a Conflict Theory of Culture. Evolutionary Psychology, 7(2), 208–233.

Cultural Hatred and Cyranic Illusion: There Is No Such Thing as President Biden 

Cyranic Illusion: An empty mind and “Dead-Hand” control: Milgram’s experiment in Cyranoid projection: “A cyranoid is created by cooperatively joining in real-time the body of one person with speech generated by another via covert speech shadowing. The resulting hybrid persona can subsequently interact with third parties face-to-face. We show that naïve interlocutors perceive a cyranoid to be a unified, autonomously communicating person, evidence for a phenomenon Milgram termed the “cyranic illusion.” We also show that creating cyranoids composed of contrasting identities (a child speaking adult-generated words and vice versa) can be used to study how stereotyping and person perception are mediated by inner (dispositional) vs. outer (physical) identity. Our results establish the cyranoid method as a unique means of obtaining experimental control over inner and outer identities.”

THE CIVILIAN COMMAND AUTHORITY HAS BEEN DEACTIVATED, which means the entire chain of military command is a question, and a risk. Even the relatively conservative mainstream media at Fox, alternative Revolver News, and others, as well as numerous podcasts, continue to frame the Office of the President as containing someone named “President Biden” and that policy and actions stem from him. He is discussed as if he is actually a functional, though weak, president, carrying out his duties with the aid of note cards, a doting wife, chief of staff, and other handlers.

However, the president is clearly clinically disordered and physically unable to withstand even modest environmental challenges to his ambulatory stability (he falls over easily, has poor balance, and has psychological black outs in active cognition). His cartoonish behavior is covered as somehow newsworthy and is normalized as merely providing polling advantages to GOP candidates in upcoming elections. But there is nothing even remotely funny about it.  It is one of the most mendacious and dangerous black operations ever conducted in United States history, an operation that has resulted in the installation of a completely controlled—as opposed to merely advised and directed—ideological “doppelganger” — an agent of other political actors. But more, the operation is carried out for their backers, financiers, and owners—not all of them US citizens. It is not only a lethal risk to national security (the real kind) but a profound act of hatred, cynicism and pathology signaled against the American public, and deliberately against America itself, especially its European demographic, legal, and cultural traditions. Hence, American constitutionalism is merely notionally authoritative within the walls of the current administration. (Moreover, none of the White House Executive Orders carry legal authority, as contracts require principal capacity—they are not merely auto-signature robotic authorities of the Office).

Green light signals to the enemy?

Why are America’s even most conservative and keen political observers unwilling to recognize and report the reality of the unprecedented infiltration of a massive deception being carried out in the country’s executive office? There are several reasons. One involves the nature of the DNC as a corporation and how it advances its continuity through careful management of its candidates and actors, and their utter reliability to conform or be conformed by, the corporation. This includes nearly complete media control through various means of media infiltration. And as the Party itself is further infiltrated, this objective is made more acute, and the risks of any media independence and exposure, more intensely managed and preempted through several means of forced cooperation, mostly financial, reputational, or even by threat. This also explains the current administration’s (and the Obama Foundation’s) “Disinformation” project—using private institutions like the Obama Foundation, Twitter, and establishment media to suppress public speech, penalize dissent, and even assert “thought crimes.” The second reason involves the nature of the Obama administration’s shared power with the establishment, including Bush and Clinton, and the necessary cooperation involved in protecting their offices and their prior extra-legal actions from exposure by controlling Biden’s executive office—no dangerous outsiders can get in. (This is why Trump’s random if undisciplined threats of declassification and disclosure were deemed “existential” threats.) Protection also extends back to their offices, including careful SCOTUS nomination management (Kavanaugh is a Bush asset, and Brown-Jackson, straight from the Obama camp). Last, Obama himself is deemed, even (or especially) by the Left, as actually “in charge,” in an incredible presumption of extra-legal authority (and when this is called a “conspiracy theory,” it may be more likely a fact).

Since when does the Secret Service let the public get this close to a president, or even let him fall down?

Why the GOP and some Democrats cannot organize a 25th Amendment removal is interesting although the implications are equally, if more, unsettling, since the VP is very unpopular and she is disordered in other dimensions that pose even greater social and economic risk—and the current DNC and White House cabal is well aware of that fact: It is an old sales trick: show the buyer an inferior, consolation product first, before you unveil the real “prize” behind Door Number 3.

There is also a strong, mendacious racial element to Biden’s insertion as president—similar to how Hollywood will stereotype “dumb Whites” or “rednecks” as inferior. This underscores additionally Obama’s deep-seated (self-?) hatred for Whites with a racial identity — his wife’s anti-White hostility is arguably even more pronounced. In this regard, the current VP also serves as a “defect” candidate in order to facilitate a track for Michelle Obama’s 2024 election run: the population will be glad, it is thought, to extinguish the “Old White Man” along with the “Crazy Kackler (Harris)” and reinstall the “anointed couple.” Such deception is thought vital by the DNC, as both the candidates, and the party, cannot compete on substantive grounds of policy, knowledge or executive competence; therefore, their positioning must be cultural, symbolic, emotional, and based on media framing in order to make the public think that a “savior” has arrived as relief from the current occupants (this is also a reflection of the couple’s unbalanced self-regard, if megalomania).

Top: The drugged, controlled president in Patterns of Force. Bottom: Muzzled and controlled President Biden: why is his mask black? 

How deal with a senile, controlled president

In the meantime, the national risk posed every day by the current occupants of the White House, is far worse than the public generally realizes: the United States has been deliberately left open to attack from any number of sources (and at all borders), with no capable civilian leader.  Not only is there no such thing as “President Biden,” there is no such thing as Commander-in-Chief Biden: The civilian command authority has been deactivated, which means the entire chain of military command is a question, and a risk (and recall Obama’s previous presidential purge of the nuclear command and other military senior leadership).

When I was at the University of Texas at Austin back in the early 1980s, the former White House National Security Advisor to presidents Kennedy and Johnson, W.W. “Walt” Rostow, not infrequently mentioned in his graduate seminar, a statement made by JFK that “the most dangerous man in the White House is the president who can think for himself.” Rostow harbored a deep dislike, if contempt, for Kennedy, although he carefully concealed it.  Part of this stemmed from Kennedy banishing Rostow to an obscure lower-level position outside of the White House after his intransigence and obsession over the Viet Nam escalation, which was contrary to Kennedy’s view.  After Kennedy was assassinated and Johnson installed, Rostow suddenly reappeared as Johnson’s top advisor, or as LBJ called him, “my intellectual, and I have him by the short hairs.”   (Rostow’s brother Eugene, who was Dean of Yale Law and later made Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs by LBJ, pushed for the “Warren Commission” to quickly direct the standard narrative on the assassination.) Rostow became notorious for his incessant manipulation of Johnson to escalate the Vietnam War.  A University of East Anglia scholar, David Milne, later wrote an insightful book on Rostow, titled “America’s Rasputin.” Rostow was almost certainly the author of the quickly re-written Vietnam escalation memorandum, NSAM 273, released one day after Kennedy’s funeral (Rostow also authored the Great Society, as domestic cover and appeasement for Southeast Asia foreign policy, and to create a supposed LBJ legend).

In many ways, history has repeated itself, as the culture of back-door, behind-the-scenes manipulation of American presidents not only continues, but with Biden, has reach its apogee by removing entirely the risk of a chief executive thinking for himself in any dimension—indeed, it has reached down even into the current president’s incapacity in performing even the most basic tasks of the presidency.

Who plays today the role of Rasputin?  Well, it has grown into a “Team Rasputin” that seems to be a coordinated body.  Who, then, directs the coordinated body?  To some extent at a retail political level it is Obama and his team who have been re-assembled into the White House (called by some the “Obama reunion,” such as Susan Rice).  But in no way unprecedented today, it is an even more tightly knit network of directors and managers who steer the government. As those figures are fully discussed in the public domain, I will refrain from repeating it here, except to say that any semblance of Constitutional separation, has been nearly eradicated; moreover, as University of Colorado Law professor Robert Nagel additionally puts it, federalism architecture has imploded.

There are several remedies still within the authority of the other branches, but it is also important to point out that those are largely captured already, and moreover the Covid deception operation, managed in the previous election cycle through state judiciaries, in large part by the “Political Law” practice of Perkins Coie, is by no means now dormant. There is a glimmer of capability and resistance from the States—which in actual federalism there should be—and two recent Wisconsin Supreme Court decisions on absentee voting and ballot drop boxes are an important push-back. See the prior dissent opinion by the enlightened Wisconsin Justices Patience Roggensack, joined by Annette Kingsland Ziegler (who is now Chief Justice); in case, 2020AP2038, Trump v. Biden (December 14, 2020). At an operational election level, they explain with professional sourcing and data, many of the problems that led to the current White House infiltration by blatant circumvention of law (and why the January 6 Committee is desperate to cover up: in U.S. history, organized state crime is always immediately followed by “Commissions” and congressional committees). As the dissenting Wisconsin Justices state in their opening, “Once again, four justices on this court cannot be bothered with addressing what the statutes require to assure that absentee ballots are lawfully cast. [We] respectfully dissent from that decision.”

ADL Audit Shows Anti-Semitism Rising

On May 5, 2022, the Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith published its annual “Audit of AntiSemitic Incidents 2021.” This is an extensive document with graphs and charts, and seven sections including Executive Summary, Major Findings, Themes and Trends, Methodology, Policy Recommendations, Take Action, and Acknowledgements. The document does have demands for extensive action that must be taken on “whole-of-government” and “whole-of-society” levels to stop “incidents of anti-Semitic harassment, vandalism and assault in the United States.”

Since this report has excessive influence on government and social policy, it is essential that we examine it for validity and relevance.

The report features a picture of what appears to be a phrase stenciled on a stone surface, perhaps a gravestone, in blue paint which reads “THE JEW IS GUILTY.” This is apparently meant to convey the absurdity and “extremism” of anti-Semitic incidents, and of those who would say such a thing. Yet when we consider the origins of the ADL in 1913 (which it describes under its About section) — to exonerate Leo Frank in the murder of little Mary Phagan—it’s a dubious claim at best.

We might be able to find the specific incident on the HEAT Map (hate, extremism, anti-Semitism, terrorism), where ADL catalogs the incidents in some detail by state, but it is not searchable in such a way as we can reasonably find where “THE JEW IS GUILTY” came from. Perhaps the incident refers to the Ghislaine Maxwell (Hoch), accomplice of the child-raping blackmail organizer Jeffrey Epstein who was found guilty late last year of several sex-trafficking charges (though many of her grotesque crimes were not prosecuted, and she never ratted on all the wealthy, politically connected individuals who willingly engaged in these crimes).

The ADL claims an increase of 34% in anti-Semitic incidents last year — the highest total since it started keeping count in 1979. A portion of this increase is admittedly due to new “partnerships” in reporting that joined the ADL in 2021:

Of the 2,717 incidents included in the 2021 Audit of AntiSemitic incidents, 494 were identified through newly established partnerships between ADL and several Jewish organizations, including the Community Security Initiative (CSI), Community Security Service (CSS), Hillel International, Secure Community Network (SCN), Union of Reform Judaism and the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism. This shared reporting represents 18% of the total number of incidents in 2021.

So a significant portion of the increase—~72 percent —is due not to an increase in incidents, but to expanded reporting. Factoring out the new reporting for 2021, we find a less than 10% increase in incidents, not the 34% ADL is claiming.

The incidents are divided into three categories: harassment, vandalism and assault. Starting with the most serious, assault:

The 88 incidents of anti-Semitic assault (a 167% increase from 33 in 2020), involved 131 victims; none of the assaults were deadly. In 2021, there were no assaults perpetrated against the Jewish community that resulted in mass causalities. Of the physical assaults against Jewish individuals, the vast majority (77 of 88) were perpetrated without the use of a deadly weapon.

This is in sharp contrast to assaults generally in the US. Official FBI crime statistics are always about a year behind, but looking back to 2020 for trends:

Per 2020 FBI final statistics released in late September 2021, the number of homicides increased nearly 30% from 2019, the largest single-year increase the agency has recorded since it began tracking these crimes in the 1960s.

Violent crime in general was up 5.6% in 2020, and aggravated assault up over 12%.

Preliminary data for 2021 is alarming:

According to the Gun Violence Archive, from January 1 to September 15, a total of 14,516 people died from gun violence in the US. That’s 1,300 more than during the same period in 2020, a 9% increase. Mass shootings are also on the rise. Through September 15, there have been 498 mass shootings across the US, or an average of about 1.92 per day. That’s 15% higher than last year, when there were a total of 611, a rate of 1.67 per day, according to data from the GVA.

The rapid rise in gun violence, however, might be slowing down. Richard Rosenfeld, a criminology professor at the University of Missouri–St. Louis and his colleagues found that in the first quarter of 2021, the number of homicides was 23% higher than in 2020. In the second quarter that number went down to 10%.

To be clear, in the second quarter of 2021, the increase went down to only 10% above 2020 levels.

Compared to these alarming statistics on violent crime, homicide, gun violence and mass shootings among the general population, during the same period of “anti-Semitic assault,” Jews experienced zero homicides, possibly zero gun violence (only 12.5 percent of assaults on Jews involved a deadly weapon, not necessarily a gun) and zero mass shootings. Jews were overwhelmingly safer from assault than other racial groups in 2021 in America, especially Blacks. The ADL shows no shame in hyping an increased threat to Jews however.

I was curious to see the ratio of assault against Jews compared to other racial groups. If we take not the number of incidents, but the number of individual Jews assaulted in 2021 as tallied by the ADL, 131, divided by the number of Jews in America, 5.8 million (at least, and possibly 2.8 million more). we see an incidence of at most .002%. Blacks for instance number about 45 million in the US today, according to Statista. The best Black violent crime statistics I could find come from 2018, so the comparison is not current, but we must suppose the data were worse in 2021. So this is conservative. Blacks experienced 563,940 violent incidents in 2018 (Over 70% of the perpetrators of this violence were Black themselves.). If blacks were about 42.5 million in 2018, then Blacks were a victim of violent crime at an incidence of .9%. Blacks were at least 450 times more likely to be victims of violent crime than Jews.

The ADL does not explain to us how many of the incidents of assault against Jews were perpetrated by other Jews. We are to assume that all the incidents are perpetrated by non-Jews, but history is filled with Jew-on-Jew violence, what we might call Jewish “Anti-Semitism.”. Some of it is deliberate false flag activity so certain Jews can use fears of anti-Semitism for various manipulative schemes. It appears the ADL is engaged in this audit with a deliberate attempt to inflame fears of anti-Semitism for various agendas, not the least of which is the ADL’s reason for existence.

Turning to the ADL’s “vandalism” category, we see that swastikas, “which are generally interpreted by Jews to be symbols of anti-Semitic hatred,” were present in 578 of 853 incidents, a staggering 68% of cases. Numerous incidents have been reported of swastika symbols being painted, scratched or otherwise displayed as symbols of anti-Semitism. In what seems a regular occurrence, too often the perpetrators are discovered to be Jews, which Jews themselves admit, such as this Times of Israel report of 2017, “Jewish suspects arrested over swastika graffiti on synagogues,” or this from only a couple months ago, “Jewish woman arrested for painting swastikas in Jewish neighborhood.” The ADL does not tell us how many of these swastika incidents are self-inflicted, and it does not tell us if the swastikas were displayed with absolutely no intention of “vandalizing” Jews. We can suppose the painting or scratching or otherwise drawing of a swastika somewhere visible is a form of vandalism (though not always; are all other cases of graffiti considered vandalism?), but it seems a rather mild form to me. Jews have been the targets of far worse forms of vandalism in history, probably Kristallnacht in Germany on November 10, 1938 the most well-known.

The ADL does qualify what it considers vandalism:

Incidents are defined as vandalism of property, or as harassment or assault on individuals and/or groups, where either 1) circumstances indicate anti-Jewish animus on the part of the perpetrator, or 2) a reasonable person could plausibly conclude they were being victimized due to their Jewish identity. Vandalism against Jewish religious institutions or cemeteries may also be included.

But not every case of painting a swastika is “anti-Jewish animus.” Jews have claimed the swastika as their own symbol of anti-Semitic hate and they cannot allow it to mean anything else. Traditionally the swastika is tens of thousands of years old, has been found all over the world wherever ancient Aryans traveled and raised civilizations, and was a symbol of cosmic order, alignment and prosperity.

We will look at one more statistical deception in the ADL Audit, though many more can be explored. The ADL assigns anti-Semitic incidence numbers by state, suggesting that some states are more anti-Semitic than others. What the ADL fails to do is rank the states by Jewish and non-Jewish population numbers, arriving at a per-capita incident number, not simply a total number.

The states with the highest number of incidents were New York (416), New Jersey (370), California (367), Florida (190), Michigan (112) and Texas (112). Combined, these states account for 58% of the total incidents.

New York has by far the highest percentage of Jews of any state at over 9 percent, amounting to almost 1.8 million Jews. At 416 incidents, this makes only .02 percent of the Jews in New York were likely to be victims of anti-Semitic incidents. For comparison, choosing a state such as Kansas with relatively few Jews, 17,425, we find the likelihood of Jews suffering anti-Semitic incidents (3) to be about .017%, almost identical. California had 367 incidents, but has a Jewish population of 1,188,000, giving a likelihood of an anti-Semitic incident in CA of .03%. Again for comparison, Idaho had only 5 anti-Semitic incidents, and a Jewish population of 2,125, delivering an incidence rate of .2%. This is 10 times worse than New York! Not that 5 cases of alleged anti-Semitism in Idaho including drawing swastikas is of any concern to anyone. The ADL features the relatively high numbers only in states where Jewish populations are largest, making the raw number of cases higher, but the per capita rate lower than in many other states.

A careful analysis of the ADL’s 2022 “Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents” reveals that there is no reason for Jews to be alarmed at these levels of harassment, vandalism and assault. The ADL uses various deceptive techniques to inflame fear of anti-Semitism on the rise in the U.S. in order to impose key aspects of their agenda for Jewish power in America.

The Audit makes extensive demands. Some of the ADL’s stated and unstated objectives in the report include continued and expanded lavish support of the US for the state of Israel; suppression of “white supremacist” groups; a 5 part program for online censorship and free speech control; increased funding at all levels for “security enhancements” at Jewish facilities (which already receive the vast majority of federal funds); beefed-up and re-educated law enforcement; fully implementing “the COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act in 2021, which incorporated the Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act,” the Hate Crime Statistics Act, the Emmet Till Antilynching Act, and the National Incident-Based Reporting System; and “teach the universal lessons of the Holocaust.”

If you are wondering at certain rhetoric concerned about Jews at official levels:

Public officials and civic leaders — from the President, to governors, attorneys general, mayors, other civic leaders, and law enforcement authorities — must use their bully pulpits to speak out against antiSemitism…

Such vague concepts as “Protect Democracy” and “Fight Extremism” are carefully detailed, and finally we are urged to “Speak Up” and rat out anti-Semites boldly, tell Congress to allocate more money to protect synagogues, and “Show Strength” by attending the ADL’s Never is Now conference in November, “the world’s largest annual summit on anti-Semitism and hate.”

The ADL also has six “More Ways to Take Action,” and those further inspired can learn about the “PROTECT Plan To Fight Domestic Terrorism.” This is an acronym which stands for:

Prioritize Preventing and Countering Domestic Terrorism
Resource According to the Threat
Oppose Extremists in Government Service
Take Domestic Terrorism Prevention Measures
End the Complicity of Social Media in Facilitating Extremism
Create an Independent Clearinghouse for Online Extremist Content
Target Foreign White Supremacist Terrorist Groups

Finally, let us not forget about that special resource for identifying anti-Semitism, the HEAT Map. It details every incident by state with a user-friendly graphic map of the US. Just click on any state and scroll down through the many anti-Semitic incidents by date in that state. Obviously a great deal of time and money was spent on this useful resource, so be sure to sample it and be amazed at how much anti-Semitism is afflicting all the states of the nation at this time.

I used to live in Oregon, so I sampled some of the incidents listed during the time I lived there. All I found in my former region was Patriot Front distributing literature which said such blasphemies as “Reclaim America” and “American is Not For Sale.” In the 20 years I lived in that part of Oregon, I never once saw a Patriot Front piece of literature. If I had, I certainly would not have identified it as anti-Semitic.

Much more analysis can be done on this Audit to discredit the ADL’s attempts to incite fear of increasing anti-Semitism in America at this time and to implement its policies and programs to further entrench Jewish power. Feel free to review other aspects of the Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents, where you will surely find many other frauds, data distortions, false claims, irrational emotional appeals, exaggerations and paranoia. For myself, I’ve seen enough.

Jeffrey Sachs and Philip Giraldi: The Ukraine War Is Yet Another Neocon War

Jeffrey Sachs in Tikkun (a liberal-left Jewish publication):

The war in Ukraine is the culmination of a 30-year project of the American neoconservative movement. The Biden Administration is packed with the same neocons who championed the US wars of choice in Serbia (1999), Afghanistan (2001), Iraq (2003), Syria (2011), Libya (2011), and who did so much to provoke Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The neocon track record is one of unmitigated disaster, yet Biden has staffed his team with neocons. As a result, Biden is steering Ukraine, the US, and the European Union towards yet another geopolitical debacle. If Europe has any insight, it will separate itself from these US foreign policy debacles.

The neocon outlook is based on an overriding false premise: that the US military, financial, technological, and economic superiority enables it to dictate terms in all regions of the world. It is a position of both remarkable hubris and remarkable disdain of evidence. Since the 1950s, the US has been stymied or defeated in nearly every regional conflict in which it has participated. Yet in the “battle for Ukraine,” the neocons were ready to provoke a military confrontation with Russia by expanding NATO over Russia’s vehement objections because they fervently believe that Russia will be defeated by US financial sanctions and NATO weaponry.

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW), a neocon think-tank led by Kimberley Allen Kagan (and backed by a who’s who of defense contractors such as General Dynamics and Raytheon), continues to promise a Ukrainian victory. Regarding Russia’s advances, the ISW offered a typical comment: “[R]egardless of which side holds the city [of Sievierodonetsk], the Russian offensive at the operational and strategic levels will probably have culminated, giving Ukraine the chance to restart its operational-level counteroffensives to push Russian forces back.”

Notice that Sachs, writing in a Jewish publication, avoids any mention of advancing Israeli interests as the main motive of the neocons. However, Jewish motives and Israeli interests are always front and center for Jewish neocons, but to establish that, one needs to delve into biographical details (e.g., associational patterns, history of pro-Israel activism, family connections). (This 2014 article shows that Victoria Nuland, a central figure in both the 2014 coup and the current war, is enmeshed in a family dedicated to pro-Israel activism.)

These sorts of details are essentially missing on the Ukraine war in both the Sachs article as well as in Philip Giraldi’s article in The Unz Review (“How Jewish Is the War against Russia?”). However, as indicated below, Giraldi notes such details in his treatment of the lead-up to the war in Iraq.

Giraldi:

Currently, the top three State Department officials (Tony Blinken, Wendy Sherman and Victoria Nuland) are all Zionist Jews. The head of the Department of Homeland Security, which is hot on the trail of domestic “terrorist” dissidents, is also Jewish as is the Attorney General and the president’s chief of staff. They and their boss Joe Biden do not seem concerned that their client Ukraine is no democracy. The nation’s current government came into power after the 2014 coup engineered by President Barack Obama’s State Department at an estimated cost of $5 billion. The regime change carried out under Barack Obama was driven by State Department Russophobe Victoria Nuland with a little help from international globalist George Soros. It removed the democratically elected President Viktor Yanukovych who was, unfortunately for him, a friend of Russia.

Ukraine is reputedly both the poorest and most corrupt country in Europe, witness the Hunter Biden saga. The current President Volodymyr Zelensky, who is Jewish and claims to have holocaust victims in his family tree, is a former comedian who won election in 2019. He replaced another Jewish president Petro Poroshenko, after being heavily funded and promoted by yet another fellow Jew and Ukraine’s richest oligarch Ihor Kolomoyskyi, who is also an Israeli citizen and now lives in Israel.

It all sounds like deja vu all over again, particularly as many of the perpetrators are still around, like Nuland, priming the pump to go to war yet again for no reason. And they are joined by journalists like Bret Stephens at the New York Times, Wolf Blitzer and Jake Tapper at CNN, and also Max Boot at the Washington Post, all of whom are Jewish and can be counted on to write regular pieces both damning and demonizing Russia and its head of state Vladimir Putin, which means it is not only about the Middle East anymore. It is also about weakening and even bringing about regime change in nuclear armed Russia while also drawing some lines in the sand for likewise nuclear armed China. And I might add that playing power games with Russia is a hell of a lot more dangerous that kicking Iraq around.

To put it bluntly, many US government and media Jews hate Russia and even though they benefited substantially as a group by virtue of their preeminent role in the looting of the former Soviet Union under Boris Yeltsin and continue to be among the most prominent Russian oligarchs. Many of the oligarch billionaires, like Boris Berezovsky, self-exiled when Vladimir Putin obtained power and began to crack down on their tax avoidance and other illegal activity. Many moved to Western Europe where some bought up football teams while others went south and obtained Israeli citizenship. Their current grievances somewhat reflect their tribe’s demand for perpetual victimhood and the deference plus forgiveness of all sins that it conveys, with the self-promoted tales of persecution going back to the days of the Tsars, full of allegations about pogroms and Cossacks arriving in the night, stories that rival many of the holocaust fabrications in terms of their lack of credibility.

It has long been recognized by many that a particular antipathy directed against Russia permeates the so-called neoconservative world view. The neocons are hugely overrepresented at the top levels of government and, as noted above, a number of them are running the State Department while also holding high level positions elsewhere in the Biden Administration as well as in the foreign policy think tanks, including Richard Haass at the influential Council on Foreign Relations. Likewise, the intensely Russophobic US and Western media, foundations and social networking sites are disproportionately Jewish in their ownership and staffing.

And beyond that, Ukraine is to a certain extent a very Jewish-identified place. The Jewish media in the US and elsewhere has been showering Zelensky with praise, referring to him as a genuine “Jewish hero,” a modern Maccabee resisting oppression, a David versus Goliath. T-shirts bearing his image are being sold that read “Resisting tyrants since Pharaoh” while the largely Orthodox Jewish community in New York City has already been raising millions of dollars for Ukrainian aid.

As US-Russian negotiations leading up the current fighting were clearly designed to fail by the Biden Administration, one therefore has to wonder if this war against Russia is largely a product of a long enduring ethno-religious hatred coupled with a belief in the necessity for a strong American military applied as needed to dominate the world and thereby protect Israel. The neocons are most visible, but equally toxic are the Jews who would prefer to describe themselves as neoliberals or liberal interventionists, that is liberals who promote a strong, assertive American leadership role to support the basically phony catchwords “democracy” and “freedom.” Both neocons and neoliberals inevitably support the same policies so they have both ends of the political spectrum covered, particularly concerning the Middle East and against Russia. They currently dominate the foreign policy thinking of both major political parties as well as exercising control over media and entertainment industry coverage of the issues that concern them, largely leaving the American public with only their viewpoint to consider.

Alas, Giraldi presents the issue of Jewish motivation as a question: “One has to wonder….” Nevertheless, he is quite clear on Jewish motivations for the war in Iraq, with some of the same information presented in my “Neoconservatism as a Jewish Movement.”

There was considerable collusion between the Israeli government and the Jews in the Pentagon, White House, National Security Council and State Department in the wake of 9/11. Under President George W. Bush, Israeli Embassy staff uniquely had free access to the Pentagon office of Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, not being required to sign in or submit any security measures. It was a powerful indication of the special status that Israel enjoyed with top Jews in the Bush Administration. It should also be recalled that Doug Feith’s Office of Special Plans was the source of the false WMD information used by the Administration to justify invading Iraq, while that information was also funneled directly to Vice President Dick Cheney without any submission to possibly critical analysts by his chief of Staff “Scooter” Libby. Wolfowitz, Feith and Libby were of course Jewish as were many on their staffs and Feith’s relationship with Israel was so close that he actually partnered in a law firm that had a branch in Jerusalem. Feith also served on the board of the Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs (JINSA), which is dedicated to nurturing the relationship between the US and Israel.

These issues are always complicated, since many American Jews (reportedly the majority in the  lead-up to the war in Iraq) have opposed these wars, and it’s depressingly easy to find non-Jews, particularly mainstream conservatives, who are also strong supporters of these wars. As always, one has to look at where the power and influence lie, and once again, it lies with strongly identified Jews in the Biden administration, the foreign policy establishment (both neoconservatives and liberal interventionists), and the media, as it was during the George W. Bush administration. Activist Jews promoting war can count on the mainstream media to never mention their Jewish identity or history of promoting Israel.

Non-Jews have many motives for supporting these ventures, from misguided patriotism to great career opportunities in politics, the media, and even the academic world. The reality is that a great many non-Jews gravitate to the power, money, and career opportunities available for those who do not rock the boat on Jewish influence, and they do so for self-interested reasons. Getting ahead in the mainstream requires an understanding that opposing the centers of the Jewish power results in marginalization at best or instant career death at worst. The rise of a Jewish elite in the U.S. has had far-ranging consequences, including policies on immigration, civil rights, the secularization of American culture, and the pathologization of White identity and collective White interests.

Jewish influence is indeed the 800-lb gorilla in the room. The lack of honest discussion of Jewish power and influence — or any discussion at all — among mainstream figures in the media, academia, and politics speaks volumes.

Nuclear Buffoon: Jews Select Politicians for Compliance, Not Competence

I was too optimistic. Far too optimistic. I should have remembered what Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) wrote centuries ago: “When a true genius appears in the world you may know him by this sign; that the dunces are all in confederacy against him.” And there was certainly a confederacy of dunces against the highly intelligent and innovative Dominic Cummings, who tried to turn British politics into a powerhouse of physicists and mathematicians, not a monkey-house of “Oxbridge humanities graduates.”

Confronted by a confederacy of dunces: Dominic Cummings and his crammed cranium

I was hoping that Cummings would face down the hatred of incompetent government officials and leftist journalists, who damned him as the “evil genius” behind the successful campaign for Brexit. And yes, he might well have survived their spiteful scheming and remained as chief aide to the British prime minister Boris Johnson. What he didn’t survive was the hatred and scheming of the intellectually vacuous but psychologically formidable Carrie Johnson, the PM’s wife. Cummings was forced out of government in autumn 2020. But he hasn’t gone quietly. He saw Boris Johnson close-up for a long time and wasn’t impressed by what he saw. Now he calls Johnson a “sociopathic narcissist” and tells very disturbing stories like this:

I spent a lot of time in 2020 trying to push changes across ‘national security’ issues. I also went around some of the deep state sites to talk to people engaged in operations and try to figure out what important things were being starved of money/focus because of the general MoD [Ministry of Defence] horrorshow (leaked by a minister at the time to cause trouble). For example, I found our special forces are deprived of tiny amounts of money for crucial things — literally often so tiny you’re talking THOUSANDS, not even millions, while the MoD blows BILLIONS.

I spent time in the no-phones room under No10 discussing nuclear wargames and the UK nuclear enterprise.

In autumn 2020, I forced the PM to carve out 3 hours to discuss the nuclear enterprise. I had wanted to have a whole weekend at Chequers, including sessions with outside specialists, but he balked at just a few hours. After sort of listening, including to an account of rotten infrastructure and the truly horrific bills amounting to many tens of billions we face in coming years because of 25 years of rot and shockingly bad procurement under both parties, we left the room.

He picked up his phone (left outside for security), turned to me angr[il]y, and spat out.

What a waste of my time.

This sums up a lot not just about him but about our political system. Their single most important job is not seen as a priority! (Dominic Cummings’ Substack, “‘People, ideas, machines’ II: catastrophic thinking on nuclear weapons,” 18th March 2022)

Boris Johnson is a nuclear buffoon — a buffoon with his hand on the nuclear button. And the story is even more disturbing today, when the Jewish neo-cons running American and British foreign policy are poking the Russian bear with ever-sharper sticks at ever-shrinking intervals. But in one sense Johnson was right and Cummings was wrong. It was a waste of Johnson’s time to learn more about how to avoid a catastrophic nuclear war. And the “single most important job” of our political system isn’t protecting the population from natural or technological disaster and the collapse of industrial civilization.

Grovelling goys in British politics: (clockwise from top) Sajid Javid, Boris Johnson, Priti Patel at Conservative Friends of Israel

Instead, Johnson’s time is far better spent placating the rich and powerful Jews who put him into office and ensure that he stays there. Similarly, the most important job of our political system is serving the interests of those Jews. Cummings saw those toxic truths of Jewish control again and again during his time in government. He knows all about Jewish power and the way it corrupts Western politics. He knows that Jews select their political servants for compliance, not for competence. And he knows that this is why the prime minister of Britain is a sociopathic narcissist and the president of America is a corrupt, senile narcissist. But Cummings has never discussed any of that. He has always carefully avoided the topics of Jewish power, in particular, and of race, in general.

Cancelled for crimethink

Sadly, he’s right to avoid those topics. If he’d spoken the truth about them while he was in government, he would’ve been driven out immediately. If he spoke the truth about them now, he would lose what influence he still has. But we can be sure that he knows the truth, because while he was in government, he employed a highly intelligent young White male called Andrew Sabisky. Unlike Cummings, Sabisky hadn’t kept quiet on the topic of race. And he paid the price for telling the truth: in April 2020, he resigned as an adviser to the British government after what the Guardian described as “fierce criticism across [the] political spectrum.”

In fact, Sabisky was criticized only by leftists and their cuckservative allies, but the Guardian has always preferred fantasy to reality and will always misrepresent reality when it can. That’s why it was so horrified by Sabisky’s ideas: “In one post from 2014, he suggested that politicians should pay attention to ‘very real racial differences in intelligence’ when designing the immigration system, and another from that year suggested black people on average have lower IQs than white people.” Sabisky also supported eugenics and other attempts to improve the intelligence, health and behavior of the human race.

That was crimethink. But Cummings didn’t condemn Sabisky for it and didn’t want to lose him as an adviser. Indeed, it’s certain that other people in Cummings’ government-team shared Sabisky’s heretical views. Those other crimethinkers were simply more discreet, that’s all. And this is Cummings himself obliquely expressing his disdain for Black Lives Matter (BLM) and other forms of pro-Black, anti-White agitation:

People in SW1 [the London postcode where British government is based] talk a lot about ‘diversity’ but they rarely mean ‘true cognitive diversity’. They are usually babbling about ‘gender identity diversity blah blah’. What SW1 needs is not more drivel about ‘identity’ and ‘diversity’ from Oxbridge humanities graduates but more genuine cognitive diversity.

We need some true wild cards, artists, people who never went to university and fought their way out of an appalling hell hole, weirdos from William Gibson novels like that girl hired by Bigend as a brand ‘diviner’ who feels sick at the sight of Tommy Hilfiger or that Chinese-Cuban free runner from a crime family hired by the KGB. If you want to figure out what characters around Putin might do, or how international criminal gangs might exploit holes in our border security, you don’t want more Oxbridge English graduates who chat about Lacan at dinner parties with TV producers and spread fake news about fake news. (Dominic Cummings’ Substack, “Snippets,” 7th March 2022)

In other words, Cummings thinks that anti-racism is “drivel.” He wants much more reality in politics and much less rhetoric. That’s why he employed physicists who knew about lambda rather than “Oxbridge English graduates” who knew about Lacan. He wanted to make Britain a beacon of efficient government and technological innovation. But in a sense, he was merely trying to fit faster engines to the Titanic. Thanks to mass immigration from the Third World, Britain is steaming straight for a giant iceberg of societal collapse and civil war. So are America, France, Sweden and all other racially and religiously enriched Western societies. And it’s too late to stop all those ships of state colliding with all those icebergs.

Quantum comfort?

Unless a nuclear war intervenes, of course. And with Jewish neo-cons so thirsty for revenge on Russia, nuclear war is once again a very serious threat to the world. We were lucky to survive the Cold War, the last period of prolonged hostility between nuclear-armed Russia and the nuclear-armed West. And far more people should recognize how lucky we were that the Cold War didn’t turn into a Hot War. Unlike Dominic Cummings, the humanities graduates in government don’t know about heroes like Stanislav Petrov and Vasily Arkhipov. And who were they? They were, in effect, complete nobodies who saved the human race by refusing to allow the Russian military to launch nuclear weapons in response to false alarms. Petrov saved the human race in 1983, but he was able to do only because Arkhipov had saved the human race in 1962.

Jewish control may lead to nuclear catastrophe (image courtesy Wikipedia)

We got lucky. Very lucky. Indeed, so lucky that I wonder whether the hair-raising stories of Stanislav Petrov and Vasily Arkhipov count as evidence for quantum immortality, the strange and disturbing concept raised in a famous thought experiment in physics. Some physicists have hypothesized that the universe is continually spawning an infinite number of new universes, each of which spawns new universes in its turn. The human race exists in an infinite subset of those universes — and ceases to exist in an infinite subset of the subset. Perhaps nuclear extinction during the Cold War was probable or even almost certain. The universe I’m writing in just happens to be one of the lucky ones that got through. That’s quantum immortality: if there are infinite copies of any individual in the multiverse, some of those copies will always survive. So I’m immortal, you’re immortal and everyone else is immortal.

I find that a fascinating idea, but it doesn’t comfort me as I contemplate the Jewish fanatics trying to foment a war with Russia. Perhaps there are an infinite number of universes or perhaps there’s just the one. All I know for sure is that the universe I’m in has a nuclear buffoon as British prime minister and governments of grovelling goys all across the West. Jewish power has never been a good thing but now it threatens the survival of the human race. I think Dominic Cummings knows that too and I hope he’s right to keep quiet about it. But in the end the dominance of Dominic wouldn’t be a good thing. Cummings is interested in performance; his leftist enemies are interested in power. None of them are interested in truth, beauty and goodness. Technocracy, even in its genuine and positive sense, isn’t the cure for the pathologies of the West.

Retraction of My Article on Jewish Influence

On January 1 of this year my paper “The Default Hypothesis Fails to Explain Jewish Influence” was published in the peer-reviewed Israel-based academic journal Philosophia. As I noted at the time:

This is the first time I have attempted to publish an article on Jewish influence in the mainstream academic literature since The Culture of Critique was published in 1998 by Praeger, so it is something of a milestone. I have updated quite a bit of the material, particularly the scholarly writing on Jewish involvement in influencing U.S. immigration policy—Chapter 7 of The Culture of Critique. I have always felt that Chapter 7 was the most important chapter in the book. …

Besides updating some critical aspects of The Culture of Critique, the paper emphasizes the point that the enactment of the 1965 immigration law did not occur in a vacuum and cannot be understood apart from the wider context of the rise of a new Jewish elite with influence in a wide range of areas. As I note in the article, the rise of this new elite “implies that vital issues of public policy, including immigration, the civil rights of African-Americans, women’s rights, religion in the public square (Hollinger’s “secularization of American society”), the legitimacy of white racial identity and interests, cosmopolitanism [identifying a “citizen of the world”], foreign policy in the Middle East, and many others will be affected by the attitudes and interests of this new elite.” The post-World War II era saw the emergence of a new, substantially Jewish elite in America.

Publication resulted almost immediately in hostile comments from Jewish academic activists, calls for retraction, and condemnation of the journal’s editor for allowing such horrifying breach of academic sensibilities to happen. On January 4th, the publisher, Springer Nature, posted the following statement with the article.

04 January 2022 Editor’s Note: The Editor-in-Chief and publisher are aware of concerns raised with the content of this article and are investigating. Editorial action will be taken as appropriate once investigation of the concerns is complete and all parties have been given an opportunity to respond in full.

The editor or whoever was in charge then sent the paper out for three more reviews. The reviews arrived toward the end of February and I sent in my reply in early March. My reply ran to around 9000 words and responded to each of the issues raised (one of the reviewers was simply blowing off steam, so there really wasn’t anything to respond to). I prefaced my reply with the following summary statement:

General Comments

Far too often the reviewers fail to make an argument or specific criticisms of my work but seem to think that simply providing an invidious summary of my views is sufficient to rebut them. Most surprising to me is that none of the reviewers mention even one objection to the long section on immigration—by far the most critical and longest section in the article (amounting to 13 pages and 6500 words); nor is there any discussion of the rise of the intimately related topic of the rise of a new, substantially Jewish elite in the post-World War II era in the U.S., particularly since the 1960s. This is important because my paper addresses the three “core issues” raised by Cofnas, but the Jewish role in immigration policy is, as I note, “The only claim that, if true, would seriously endanger an important aspect of what Cofnas labels ‘the anti-Jewish narrative.’” The other issues discussed are interesting and important in a general discussion of Jewish issues, but they pale in comparison to the material on immigration policy. And, as noted in the paper, some of the most discussed issues, such as intermarriage and the issue of Jewish hypocrisy—two of Cofnas’s three core issues (not to mention Karl Marx’s Jewish identity), are completely irrelevant to central work Cofnas describes as being part of “the anti-Jewish narrative,” most notably The Culture of Critique (hereafter, CofC), which is what Cofnas is supposedly criticizing. Moreover, none of the reviews critique my analysis for why higher average Jewish IQ by itself fails to explain Jewish influence (i.e., Cofnas’s “default hypothesis”).

But all was for naught. I was informed in mid-May that the paper would be retracted and (amazingly) asking me if I agreed with this decision but notifying me that any objection that I had to the retraction would not be included along with the retraction statement. I of course objected and wrote yet another reply, this time to their retraction statement. This is their retraction statement, including specific statements of my scholarly malfeasance:

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article. After publication concerns were raised regarding the content in this article and the validity of its arguments. Post-publication peer review concluded that the article does not establish a consistent methodology or document its claims with well-established sources. The article also makes several comparative claims without providing appropriate comparison data. Kevin MacDonald does not agree to this retraction. The online version of this article contains the full text of the retracted article as supplementary information.

Springer Nature formally retracted the paper sometime in early July—the title and the retraction notice are all that remain on the article’s main page, but the article can still be accessed on their site as “Supplementary Information,” with  “RETRACTED ARTICLE” emblazoned diagonally on every page.  However, anticipating this, I had enough sense to save a local copy, so it still lives on on my website as it originally appeared in Philosophia.

Retraction Response

I disagree with the retraction of my article “The Default Hypothesis Fails to Explain Jewish Influence.” The editors of Philosophia should be ashamed of themselves for retracting this article for such obviously spurious reasons. I am quite aware of the reality that academia has become intensely politicized and that Jews in particular are very sensitive about any discussions of Jewish influence. But I really didn’t think that my article would be retracted without any detailed response to my ~9000-word rebuttal to the post-publication reviews—a response that meticulously responded to every claim made by the reviewers. One expects a reasoned give-and-take in an academic venue, but this retraction is simply an assertion of authoritarian control. And to make matters worse, this response to the retraction statement will not be posted by the publisher.

The astonishing thing is that the retraction statement includes the following as the only reasons for the retraction:

Post-publication peer review concluded that the article does not establish a consistent methodology or document its claims with well-established sources. The article also makes several comparative claims without providing appropriate comparison data.

But none of the three post-publication reviews ever mentioned that I had failed to provide a consistent methodology, so obviously I felt no need to discuss this point in my response. And only one reviewer complained about sources, noting that I had cited evolutionary psychologist Edward Dutton. The complaint about citing Dutton is simply ad hominem rather than an honest attempt to dispute what Dutton wrote on Jewish intermarriage—a topic that is, in any case, of only marginal relevance to the main points of my paper. As I noted in my reply, “my practice is that citations should be to information that I consider reasonable and reliable, not what the political affiliations of the authors are.” I cite many authors who have political beliefs that I do not subscribe to, and in fact, the vast majority of my sources come from Jewish authors.

Regarding the issue that the paper contains “several comparative claims without providing appropriate comparison data,” I responded to each proposed instance in my reply to the reviews. But the retraction statement fails to make an argument for why my rebuttal fails.

All of my responses to this issue made the point that I was not arguing—and it was not necessary for me to argue—that Jews are more ethnocentric than any particular group, only that Jews are indeed ethnocentric. For example, in my reply to one of the post-publication reviews, I noted:

The reviewer quotes me: “… Jews under discussion were ethnocentric as indicated by ethnic networking” and comments “Does that mean that blacks are ethnocentric because of their ethnic networking?  Or Catholics?  Or fundamentalist Christians?  This is gibberish because he is making statements about Jews as a group and arguing that they are different from gentiles but he presents no comparison data regarding relative ethnocentrism.”

[My response:] Notice that I do not make a point that Jews are more ethnocentric than any particular group either in the paper under review or in The Culture of Critique—apart from the 2002 Preface to the First Paperback Edition of The Culture of Critique (pp. xviii–xxxi) contrasting Western European and Jewish cultural forms on a variety of traits. The material in the 2002 preface is a preliminary version of the ideas in my book Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition (2019) and is in no way essential to the argument in Culture of Critique as published in 1998, where the only relevant claim I make is that Jews are ethnocentric—a claim that I document exhaustively. However, for completeness, my view is that Jews are in general more ethnocentric than Western European groups (I make no other comparisons), particularly northwestern European groups—the thesis of my Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition (2019). My emphasis on the uniqueness of Western individualism is entirely congruent with Joseph Henrich’s The WEIRDest People in the World (2020) … . When Henrich uses the superlative ‘WEIRDest’ (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) in the title, he is emphasizing the uniqueness of the Western peoples; individualism is the polar opposite of collectivism and its associated ethnocentrism endemic to Jewish groups.

Thus there is no rebuttal to my argument that between-group comparisons are irrelevant to the argument presented in The Culture of Critique where the only point was that in fact Jews are in fact ethnocentric as indicated by Jewish ethnic networking, not that they are more ethnocentric than any other group. And in my later writing I did provide comparative data based on Western individualism—data that are irrelevant to the argument in The Culture of Critique; these data show that the individualism of the West is unique among world cultures but such data are not relevant for the argument in The Culture of Critique. None of this is considered in the retraction statement.

This retraction is a disgrace to the academic profession. At the very least, this statement should be included along with the retraction statement so that readers can judge for themselves the legitimacy of retracting it.

To his credit, Nathan Cofnas, my adversary in all this, publicly objected to the retraction, posting this on Twitter:

Two important points. The retraction is unprecedented: It’s “the 1st time a paper has been retracted from a philosophy journal for political reasons.” And more importantly, his email notifying Jonathan Haidt, one of the founders of Heterodox Academy, that the paper was retracted got no response. Heterodox Academy represents itself as follows:

Heterodox Academy is a nonpartisan collaborative of 5,000+ professors, educators, administrators, staff, and students who are committed to enhancing the quality of research and education by promoting open inquiry, viewpoint diversity, and constructive disagreement in institutions of higher learning.

And they note:

All our members have embraced the following statement:

“I support open inquiry, viewpoint diversity, and constructive disagreement in research and education.”

But apparently some viewpoints are not allowed, and there can be no disagreement on certain issues. Their commitment to open inquiry is a farce.

Jonathan Haidt is well known to me because of his work criticizing the groupthink that is so prevalent in the academic world; I cite him several times in my book Individualism and the Western Liberal Tradition in Chapter 8 where I discuss the academic world as one of the pillars of elite power in the West (“the academic world can accurately be characterized as a moral community of the left in the sense of Jonathan Haidt”[1]). He is Jewish, and one is tempted to conclude that Heterodox Academy is simply another example of controlled opposition in the service of safeguarding Jewish interests in restricting the boundaries of academic debate on Jewish issues.


Jonathan Haidt, “Post-partisan Social Psychology.” Presentation at the meetings of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, TX., January 27, 2011.

The Progressive/Conservative Archetype Dichotomy as It Pertains to the Dissident Right

Any ideological movement will contain differences of opinion, on everything from practical questions such as issues of leadership and tactics, to deeper questions such as goals, telos, and points of ideology.  The so-called “Dissident Right,” to the very limited extent to which it can even be called an ideological movement, is frequently riven by all these disputes and more, making clear the degree to which it is rather a disparate hodgepodge of beliefs and personalities with little in common other than a shared disaffection with some element of the status quo.  Indeed, at this point, the very term “Dissident Right” is only useful as a catch-all term to refer to all those critical of some element of the cultural Zeitgeist or political status quo who are not leftists.  It does not denote a cohesive, or even coherent, ideological (let alone political) movement.  When I use the term in this essay, then, it is precisely in this broadest possible sense, to draw attention to the nature of this mishmash of views and values.

One need only reflect on the developments of the last few years within this mostly online milieu to recall a dozen or more wedge issues that set different elements of this milieu against each other, and even exposed what at times appeared to be basically irreconcilable value systems.  The question of the proper response to the perpetual Israel-Palestine conflict, rehabilitating colonialism and imperialism versus appropriating post-colonialism, whether to conceive of political elites as Marxists or Neoliberals, focusing on specific rogue elites versus developing a systemic critique, the war in Ukraine, the extent to which capitalism should be subject to critique, the proper attitude towards the American empire, and especially the degree to which the response to COVID-19 should be regarded as a global conspiracy and the most important problem to address— all of these wedge issues produced a myriad of opinions and ideas, and all led to occasionally vicious back-biting, disputes, and splintering, some of which seems likely to be permanent.

It is true that marginalization, being relegated to an online ghetto-chamber due to censorship, and consequently reduced interaction in the public sphere with actual political opponents has intensified petty squabbling, which has also been exacerbated intentionally by bad actors.  Moreover, the primary medium of interaction itself, the internet, inherently produces a certain democratisation of opinion by allowing anyone and everyone to express their views and ideas, and thus inherently results in over-saturation of the conversation with half-baked, poorly thought-out, off-the-cuff, and ill-informed expressions of opinion, thus reducing the quality of public discourse.  All this is true, and likely accounts for some of the disputes within the broader “Dissident Right,” and certainly contributes to their frequently vicious nature.

Nonetheless, all of these and other disputes reveal that certain opposing tendencies and ways of thinking were already extant, if perhaps beneath the surface.  The question this essay aims to address is the nature and origin of these opposing tendencies.

So far, the best heuristic for explaining and predicting the behaviour and beliefs of opposing tendencies and personalities in response to wedge issues has been the concept of “priors” — that is, “prior convictions,” the beliefs and ideas one had before moving towards the “Dissident Right.”  The concept is useful, but flawed.  Many people, especially those of more average intellect, or those who were not particularly politically engaged before moving towards the “Dissident Right,” had very vague, transitory “priors,” or even no firm political or ideological beliefs whatsoever.  Something deeper is at play, and I propose that it is more a matter of personality types than it is of political persuasion.

The best heuristic for understanding why these fractures cause so much commotion, which positions various factions and figures are likely to take, and even why they, or even you, the reader, might instinctively tend towards one side or the other on any of these issues is the theory of the progressive/conservative archetype dichotomy.  According to this theory, people can be grouped, albeit very broadly and imperfectly, into the “progressive” archetype, and the “conservative” archetype.

These groupings are essentially personality types rather than political positions, though they do correlate rather imperfectly with “political directionism” (a subject I will treat further in a later essay): those of the “progressive” type are more likely to be described as “left-leaning,” while those of the “conservative” type are more likely to be described as “right-leaning.”  It must be understood, however, that the terms “progressive” and “conservative” do not refer to any specific political orientation, movement, or ideology; rather, they refer to collections of general attitudes and tendencies.  Perhaps another thinker might come up with better terms to refer to the same thing, perhaps terms that carry less baggage of their own, but for now they suffice.  These archetypes are clusters of values, traits, and ways of thinking that tend to go together.  They are the deeper, perhaps subconscious foundation on which ideological and political beliefs are built.  To put it in metaphor, these personality traits are the soil from which specific ideas and political positions grow.

The most obvious difference between these two tendencies is in their attitudes towards change, suggested by the very terms “progressive” and “conservative.”  The progressive archetype is partially characterized by openness to change.  If it had a motto, it might be something like, “Let’s try x.”  Those of the conservative archetype, on the other hand, tend to be skeptical of and resistant to change.  If it had a motto, it might be something like, “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.”  In any society, a balance of these tendencies is required.  Too much change too quickly will leave a society unable to keep up and adapt, and not all change is for the better.  In this regard, the vice of those who conform to the progressive archetype is boredom with the status quo, and unnecessary novelty-seeking — change for the sake of change, and sometimes an urge to adopt positions or aesthetics that they know will be upsetting or alienating to more conservative-minded people.  If left unchecked, the progressive attitude could lead to potentially harmful deconstruction of existing social norms and institutions.  On the other hand, too little change results in stagnation and inability to adapt to changing circumstances.  The vice of those conforming to the conservative archetype is stubbornness, lack of curiosity, and being set in their ways.

Of course, in almost any grouping of people, there will be a spectrum of these attitudes from one pole to the other, with most people falling somewhere between the two extremes.  Nonetheless, most individuals will still tend toward one archetype or the other on their attitudes toward change and other metrics.

Another such metric for comparison is their stances on ethics.  Those of the conservative archetype tend to favor a prescriptive, rules-based morality, and are more likely to be moralistic and concerned with propriety.  They tend to prefer hard-and-fast rules without exceptions, and view direct punishment for breaking rules as the primary way to enforce social mores.  Those of the progressive archetype can be equally as ethical in their own behavior, but tend towards a less prescriptive and rules-based morality that is more concerned with fairness.  They would be more likely to give second chances to transgressors, and be willing to make exceptions or be flexible with rules if they believe the circumstances call for it.  A pattern begins to emerge: at the societal level, and even the group level, a balance between both tendencies is necessary.  Taking the conservative ethical tendencies too far can lead to inflexibility, unwillingness to critically examine current social norms, purity-spiralling, and, in personal relationships, can lead to inability to forgive and holding grudges.  Leaning too far into the progressive ethical outlook can result in naïveté, being taken advantage of, and at the societal level, lack of clear and consistent structure and authority, as well as an urge to critique and deconstruct healthy social norms.

Attitudes to wealth, success, power, and responsibility differ as well.  In this regard, the progressive archetype can be characterized by an instinctive tendency to ascribe material success, or lack thereof, to circumstance, such as luck, or being “born into it.”  Confronted with a billionaire, their first instinct will not be that he must be very clever and have a great work ethic, but that perhaps he inherited a fortune, or got lucky, or even that he is probably getting rich off the backs of others.  The attitude goes much deeper still.  Those of the progressive archetype tend to instinctively empathize and identify with “the underdog,” “the little guy” — for example the poor, the “oppressed,” the workers, the perceived victim.  They are likely to emphasize collective responsibility, systemic influences, and material circumstances when examining differences in outcomes between groups or individuals.  These tendencies might even occur without regard to personal material circumstances — think of the stereotype of the socialist academic, for example.

On this same issue, the conservative archetype can be characterized by an instinctive tendency to ascribe material success, or lack thereof, to personal agency and morality.  Confronted with the same billionaire, their first feeling is a degree of admiration.  He must be a shrewd businessman, likely very wise, with an excellent work ethic.  Those with this tendency also tend to instinctively empathize and identify with the wealthy, the business owner, the bourgeoisie, or the powerful.  They are likely to emphasize individual responsibility and personal agency as the determining factors in disparate outcomes, and sometimes when this tendency goes further, associate moral virtues with material success.  The Calvinist doctrine of The Elect is perhaps one of the most extreme manifestations of this tendency.  Anarcho-Capitalism and Right-Libertarianism generally are also typical manifestations of it, as is “health and wealth” Protestantism, or at a still more mundane level, the cult of self-improvement centred around self-help books and motivational speakers.

This fundamental attitude to power dynamics has many far-reaching implications and influences.  Think, for example, of the main responses to the Israel-Palestine conflict.  A progressive tendency to strongly oppose Zionism on the basis of its abuses of power and its cruelty and oppression towards the Palestinian population is shared among elements of the Left, especially Socialist elements, and much of the “Dissident Right.”  A conservative tendency to admire the power of Israel and its staunch stance against Muslims leads other elements of the “Dissident Right,” if not to support Israel outright, at least to not take any positions critical of Israeli power and mistreatment of Palestinians, and sometimes to castigate those who do.  This can be phrased as not caring about a foreign conflict, as dismissing both parties to the conflict as “enemies of the West” or something similar, and thus insisting that the broader “Dissident Right” should not care about either side; or it may be phrased as direct hostility to Palestinians for their religion.  Support for Palestine is also tarnished, in their eyes, by association with the Left.  Some will try to link it with the myriad problems caused by mass migration into Europe.  In a sense, the issue is complicated by the traditionally anti-Zionist stance of pro-White elements, but even here, the underlying motivations for that stance can differ.  Is Zionism to be opposed primarily because the behaviour of Israel is fundamentally unjust, because it abuses its power over civilians, because it wields power out of all proportion to the diaspora Jewish population, (thereby exerting a strong influence on foreign policy of the U.S. and other Western countries), and uses this power unjustly?  Or is it to be opposed primarily because it is simply foreign, and a foreign ideology or group, including the Israel lobby, has no business meddling in the affairs of the West?

Other aspects of these archetypes are at play in the values and motivations behind the Israel-Palestine conflict as well, so it will need to be revisited later.

The same underlying attitude towards power dynamics also influences attitudes towards Capitalism and the American empire.  Those of a progressive disposition, of course, are generally critical of—or even hostile to—Capitalism.  Many, but not all, of them made their way towards the “Dissident Right” from somewhere on the Left that was at least mildly critical of the excesses of Capitalism; some are even former Marxists.  They tend to associate their key issues, whether pro-Whiteness, other cultural or moral issues, and questions of social organization, with opposition to Capitalism.  Even among those of a conservative disposition, it seems to be widely recognized that at least some of the excesses of unchecked Capitalism must be rethought and controlled, but they are less systematically critical of Capitalism as an ideology, and certainly less hostile to it as an economic model, focusing more often on specific bad actors or policies.

Among the “Dissident Right,” attitudes towards American hegemony are similar: progressive types range from harshly critical of America’s international power, government, and culture, to openly anti-American in a deep ideological and cultural sense.  Conservative types inevitably have various problems with the way America is going, but similar to the Capitalism issue, are more likely to single out problematic policies, elites, and organisations, blaming its decline and problems on subversion rather than viewing it as a fundamental systemic problem.  Other times, they will frame their criticism of America in moralistic terms, ascribing its downfall to loss of religion, or some other moral failing of the citizens, or bemoaning the weakness of the people who allowed these things to happen.

Even the basis and motivation of pro-Whiteness can be influenced by these tendencies.  Many of those of the progressive archetype become pro-White partly in response to what they perceive as injustice towards and oppression of White people, primarily by a more powerful ethnic group that uses other racial and ethnic groups as a weapon against Whites.  The motivation is not entirely dissimilar to the grievance morality of the Left.  This is not usually the entire basis of someone’s pro-White beliefs, but it often contributes.  Whites are framed as “the underdog,” so to speak, and what they perceive as a power imbalance and abuse of power against them can be a strong motivating factor in taking up the pro-White cause.  The idea of taking up a new form of post-colonialism, both as a fundamentally moral position and to serve White interests, takes this tendency to its logical conclusion.  On the other hand, those of the conservative archetype are likely to be more motivated by pride in the achievements and power of White peoples.  Many take pride in the glory of imperialism and colonialism, and sometimes even frame these conquests morally, for example in the idea that conquering the Aztecs was at least partly justified because of their barbaric cultural and religious practices.  Consistent with their general attitudes towards power dynamics, they are less likely to be amenable to appropriating post-colonialism from the Left.  They are more likely to want to identify with pro-Whiteness on the basis of White people being powerful and dominant.  Most individuals fall to neither extreme, and even most pro-White individuals exhibit some combination of these tendencies.

All these and other specific issues frequently feed disputes within the “Dissident Right”, and the opposing perspectives on all of them originate at least partly in the fundamentally differing value sets and attitudes of these personality archetypes.  And as with all of these differing tendencies, a balance is needed.

At its absolute worst, the progressive attitude towards material wealth and power dynamics can be manifested as vindictive resentment, not only of the wealthy and powerful, but extending also to quite average middle-class people.  One of its quintessential political expressions is in Marxism, which weaponized this tendency in its intellectuals, who in turn weaponized the grievances of the oppressed classes for whom they were advocating.  Another extreme expression of this tendency is embodied in those elements of the modern Left engaged in gender theory, critical race theory, “intersectionality,” and other ressentiment-fuelled grievance agendas, and the “antifascist” activists who make up their street presence.  At the societal level, as well as within the broader “Dissident Right,” this tendency must be moderated so that it does not descend into “oppression Olympics,” grievance morality, the urge to blame the powerful for all problems without being sufficiently self-critical, or to extending hostility towards the power structure to ordinary people who happen to be better-off.

Racial or moral purity-spiralling is an example of a way the same tendency can get out of hand among those of the conservative archetype.  When unchecked, it can also sometimes manifest in alienating expressions of pointless and blanket hatred, in an instinctive aversion to forming systemic critiques of Capitalism and American power, and in an urge to blame the circumstances of struggling White people, or even of the “Dissident Right” itself, on personal moral failings.

The other major distinction between these archetypes is in a matrix of related traits linked with attitudes towards matters of intellect and patterns of analysis.  Those of the progressive archetype tend to be more tolerant of ambiguity and nuance, and more skeptical of black-and-White thinking.  Indeed, they may prefer complex and nuanced explanations for phenomena — potentially to a fault, where a simple one could suffice.  Those of the conservative archetype are often the opposite: skeptical of and impatient with ambiguity and nuance, preferring clear-cut categories, explanations, rules, et cetera.  They instinctively prefer simple explanations of phenomena, which in the extreme can manifest in simplistic and one-dimensional thinking.

There are countless ways these instinctive tendencies come into play among the “Dissident Right.”  For a familiar example, I will circle back around to the Israel-Palestine issue.  While those of a more progressive mindset are of course generally opposed to mass immigration, they are less likely to be categorically anti-Islam, and are more likely to look past the fact that like many of the immigrants entering the West, Palestinians are non-White and Muslim.  For them, there is no contradiction between being pro-White and pro-Palestine — in fact, both positions arise from the same fundamental moral instinct.  For those of a more conservative mindset, it is often much harder to examine the nuance of the situation and take up a strong and genuine pro-Palestine position.  If they have put Muslims generally into the category of undesirable elements in the West, they are less inclined to “make an exception” for Palestinians.  They often have little patience for explanations of the plight of Palestinians.  The fact that very few immigrants to the West actually come from Palestine is a niggling detail, and having it explained to them perhaps smacks of a know-it-all-ism that reminds them of lefty smugness.  Of course, this is not to say that everyone on the “Dissident Right” of the conservative archetype is a Zionist — people change their minds, many have moved on from the “counter-Jihad” conservatism of the mid-late 2010s, and even many of those who are not prepared to actually advocate moral support for Palestine, also do not directly advocate support for Israel.

Closely related to this attitude towards ambiguity and nuance is the attitude toward intellectualism.  Broadly speaking, those conforming to the progressive archetype tend to be more intellectually curious and value intellectualism more highly.  This is not to say that they are necessarily more intelligent, but simply that they generally have more reverence for intellectuals and intellectual pursuits.  A vice that sometimes accompanies this trait is self-conceit, which can come across as smugness and know-it-all-ism.  Another pitfall is a temptation to place too much confidence in intellectuals, who do not always deserve it simply for their erudition or eloquence.

Another trait seems to strongly correlate with these attitudes towards intellectualism: preferred mode of analysis — that is, how one tends to analyse the structure and causes of phenomena, especially social and political phenomena.  The distinction here is between an inclination towards systemic analysis that emphasizes impersonal, ideological, and structural factors, associated with the progressive archetype, and conspiratorial analysis that emphasizes the personal agency and decisions of individuals and organisations, associated with the conservative archetype.

This is another distinction that has far-reaching effects.  It influences how people on the “Dissident Right” conceptualize the system they are dissenting against.  Is it the entire system of Neoliberalism and its ideological underpinnings, or is it Marxist subversion of the West?  Is Capitalism itself anathema as an economic system and an ideology, or is it just specific individual elites and organisations pulling the strings that must be rooted out?  Are the enemies Neoliberals, those who most benefit from and enforce the entire system in place in the West?  Or are they Marxist subversives plotting to undermine the West whose influence has gotten out of hand?  Of course, for many members of the “Dissident Right”, the answer is a mix of both, to some extent.  Nonetheless, most people will instinctively favour one mode of analysis over the other.  Even if the issues raised by both types are frequently similar, the framing of these issues is often telling.

Attitudes on COVID as a Paradigmatic Disagreement within the Dissident Right

Nowhere among the “Dissident Right” is this contrast more at play, and nowhere were the ensuing squabbles more vicious, than in the issue of responding to the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken against it.  Even at the time of composing this essay, in May of 2022, when the majority of restrictions have eased throughout most of the world and COVID-19 has almost disappeared from the news cycle, the fractures are still apparent.  It is not merely a matter of agreeing on a narrative of what actually happened. For those who went all-in on countering the mainstream narrative on COVID, who are almost exclusively of the conservative type, restrictions could be brought back on any pretext, and government agencies, health care workers, billionaires, and shadowy elite organisations are constantly plotting some way to spring another wave of lockdowns, travel restrictions, health measures, and vaccinations on the people.  Many progressive types, meanwhile, are barely containing their urge to gloat about their predictions of COVID restrictions coming to an end appearing to be true — at least for the time being, for this history has yet to be written.

While almost nobody on the “Dissident Right” touted the mainstream narratives on COVID or supported the system’s response to it, their own narratives varied.  Over the first several months, when nobody could quite make sense of what was going on, speculation proliferated, and people’s narratives fluctuated constantly.  Theories ranged from “the pandemic is real and potentially quite dangerous, and the system’s response is inadequate,” to “COVID is not real, viruses are not real, all of this was an elaborate plot by evil elites.”  Over time, although the fringe theories never quite disappeared, two broad sets of narratives emerged and became dominant.

Among progressive types, the line of thought seemed to be mostly that the virus was real, that it had started out quite deadly but had evolved, as viruses often do, to become less deadly and more transmissible, eventually making it akin to a novel strain of flu.  The system’s early response had been hamstrung by incompetence and ideology, so that instead of closing the borders immediately, taking strong measures to prepare the health care system, and enforcing strict quarantines early on, the system had dragged its feet and allowed the disease to rapidly spread around the globe.  Later measures imposed such as mandatory masking, lockdowns, and vaccine mandates were criticized as too heavy-handed and unnecessary given the low and declining mortality rate of the disease, but most of these types would stop short of looking for a deliberate conspiracy by some evil agents behind both the virus and all the restrictions.  Their criticisms were generally milder, and focused more on the general systemic response, and many were wary of making anti-COVID and categorically anti-vax positions a main focus of the “Dissident Right.”  They were instinctively put off by the conservative tendency to point the finger at a handful of specific individuals like Anthony Fauci, Bill Gates, Klaus Schwab, and organisations like the World Health Organisation and the World Economic Forum as the masterminds behind a global conspiracy to release the virus (or at least convince everyone a virus had been released) and then usher in the draconian restrictions in response to it.

Such talk put them in mind of QAnon narratives, and they were sometimes overly dismissive of all those who viewed COVID as of primary importance, even lumping them in with others they dismissed as “kooks” — flat earthers, blanket anti-vaxxers, and of course, QAnon believers.  While it is true that these beliefs exist on a sort of spectrum, and the circles of those engaged primarily in anti-COVID dissent did often overlap with these and other fringe conspiracy theorists, there was often an element of smugness and conceit to this dismissive attitude.  The conceit of more outspoken progressive types in this regard was in associating these more conspiratorial beliefs, whether subconsciously or not, with lower intelligence and lower status, thus implying that their own beliefs correlated with higher intelligence.  I am not aware of any figures who said this outright in so many words, but the distilled essence of these sentiments was impossible to miss.

Furthermore, the tendency of those on the “Dissident Right” conforming more to the conservative archetype to view any and all restrictions on personal freedom as inexcusable often rubbed progressive types the wrong way, and made them concerned that many in the milieu were “reverting to libertarian and normie conservative priors.”

From the perspective of those of a more conservative disposition, the outbreak of the virus and the response to it represented a sudden, dramatic, and unexpected change that impacted them directly, as it did everyone.  It imposed annoying constraints on their personal freedom that they did not agree were necessary, for a turn of events that they had not yet wrapped their minds around, and did not even necessarily believe in.  These inconveniences and sacrifices were supposed to be borne for “the greater good,” a concept that they tended to be skeptical of to begin with, and which, coming from the mouths of so-called “experts” (i.e., intellectuals) whom they did not know personally and in whom they had little faith, was bound to raise their hackles.  Lockdowns and vaccine mandates were a clear line in the sand.  If governments, “health experts,” and other sorts of elites trying to coerce people into taking an injection with potentially life-altering consequences against their will was not the hill to die on, then what was?  Someone had to answer for all this.  Tepid systemic critiques about a bungled early response or Capitalism’s need to keep borders open would not cut it.  Something more sinister had to be going on, and someone had to be behind it.  The hesitancy of most progressive types to go all-in on countering the COVID agenda, whatever it was, seemed short-sighted, or even nefarious.  What did the other issues that they wanted to focus on matter if the vaccine killed or sterilized everyone who took it?  The tut-tutting from progressive types about conspiracy theories, kooks, and backsliding into libertarianism was reminiscent of the attempts at shaming and stigmatisation from mainstream sources against those going against the narrative.  Some even went so far as to lump outspoken progressive types expressing skepticism of a grand overarching conspiracy with those who were “shilling for the vaccines” or “telling people to trust the science.”

Conclusion

At the time of this writing, a specific, satisfying, cohesive, coherent, and complete narrative on COVID has yet to emerge from anywhere on the “Dissident Right,” and only time will bring us closer to one.  With various factions so invested in their own theories, though, a unified narrative is unlikely to ever emerge.  The point here is not to determine the truth value of the specific claims of any particular narrative, but to illuminate the underlying tendencies and patterns of thought that made different types of people more likely to gravitate to differing narratives.

And this holds true for all of these wedge issues, which were only selected as examples to illustrate some of the ways this archetype dichotomy influences the discourse and divisions of the “Dissident Right.”  The intention is not to take sides, to elevate one type above the other, nor to exacerbate these divisions — quite the opposite, in fact.  The intention is to provide a useful heuristic for understanding the motivations, assumptions, and values of people who at times hold seemingly irreconcilable opinions, in order to facilitate better understanding, communication, and cooperation.  My hope is that this essay will open up a new field of inquiry for other thinkers to expand on, and perhaps even critique and fine-tune.

Of course, this heuristic has its limits.  It does have broad implications for how we can understand differing perspectives, but not every division can be boiled down to this difference of archetypes.  The Pagan/Christian divide, for instance, does not seem to correlate at all with the archetype dichotomy, with both personality types on both sides.  Clumsy attempts by both progressive and conservative types to shoehorn the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict into some sort of “left vs right” paradigm fall flat.  On this particular issue, the factions do not break down cleanly along progressive/conservative lines, with everyone from CNN-watching liberals to AZOV-supporting right-wing nationalists supporting Ukraine, and everyone from communists to White nationalists, and even MAGA-sphere conservatives supporting Russia because they see Russia as the last bastion against the total neoliberal globalist hegemony, which they detest.  And these are only two examples of wedge issues that do not correlate closely with the archetype dichotomy.  Analysts must thus avoid the temptation to over-attribute different opinions to this heuristic when other factors are at play.

An understanding of these contrasting personality types could potentially also be exploited by bad actors to sow division and exacerbate infighting.  Indeed, various divisions are already exploited by hostile actors, albeit without a systematic understanding as to why they arise; with that systematic understanding, the potential for more thoroughly playing up these divisions and even manufacturing new ones could be significantly worse.  Additionally, most people are at neither extreme, and many have some traits associated with each archetype.  Furthermore, just because someone naturally conforms to one archetype or the other in their instincts and inclinations, this does not mean that he is incapable of changing his mind.  Personality type certainly influences which leading figures one chooses to follow and the comrades with whom one chooses to spend time, but it is far from the only factor.  And these thought leaders and comrades have their influence on their followers and each other in turn, so that people’s specific opinions will be influenced by who they follow, who they spend time around, general trends, and, for those who are sufficiently intelligent and open-minded, they can even be influenced by new information and convincing arguments.  All this is to say that people change their minds all the time, and someone who fits one particular archetype does not necessarily fall squarely on that side of every issue and division.  For quite some time while I was developing this theory, these caveats and concerns made me leery of directly articulating and disseminating it lest it be misunderstood and/or used with ill intent, but I believe the insight and implications it holds are too important to keep it under wraps.

While I have not gathered any formal data on the numbers, the impression I get from subjective observation and participation is that the “Dissident Right” seems to be composed of both archetypes in almost exactly equal numbers.  It is also riven by factional splits centred around a multitude of organizations, parties, websites, activist groups, and key figures.  The archetype dichotomy certainly plays a role in this factionalism, but it is far from forming a complete picture.  Many factions are composed of both types, and their differences instead are centred around religion, aesthetics, region, tactics, or leaders.

A comrade challenged me that since older members are more often conservative types, age must play a role here.  In a sense I believe he was correct, but not necessarily because people simply move towards the conservative archetype as they get older.  I won’t rule out that there could be something to that, but it is not the whole story.  The other factor at play in the age distribution is the fact that traditionally, the vast majority of people who moved towards some sort of “Dissident Right” or pro-White politics came from somewhere on the Right, and as such were more likely to be of the conservative type.  The years of 2015-2020 saw a massive influx of young people into the “Dissident Right,” that included the usual people coming from the Right, but now also many coming from somewhere vaguely on the Left.  Those coming in from the Left, of course, are more likely to be of the progressive type.

The years of 2015–2020, and especially the early days of 2015–2017, were a sort of anomaly during which various factions and tendencies were temporarily brought together into a milieu — it never did quite amount to a movement — based on shared opposition to the dominant cultural and political trends of the day.  There were various terms for this broad tendency, and of course many more for the different factions within it, but “Dissident Right” is the one that seems to have stuck.  Since then, however, under the pressure of censorship as well as fundamental pre-existing differences, the disagreements have deepened, factionalism has intensified, and the factions that have the least in common seem to be drifting further apart from each other.  If they are able to do so without focusing on taking swipes at other factions, and instead put their focus on their own projects and goals, then this development is probably for the best.  Commonly held disaffection is not enough to create a movement, especially if even the nature of the problems, let alone the solutions to said problems, cannot be agreed upon.  Rather than attempting to create and then police a “big tent,” it has the potential to be more productive for the various schools of thought, organisations, parties, and tendencies to go their own way and pursue their own projects, collaborating and cooperating when it is advantageous for a particular goal.

And yet, as much as it can be a potential fracturing point, part of the strength of dissident thought and politics is its unique ability to attract and make use of people of both archetypes.  The as-yet unnamed, future, post-liberal way of thinking, being, and organising society that is only just beginning to crystallize among certain elements from the remains of the “Dissident Right” must keep this in mind moving forward, and its thought leaders must keep their minds open to challenging ideas, resist the temptation to favour their own biases too strongly, and make every attempt to understand and facilitate cooperation between people of both the progressive and conservative archetypes.  Whatever future movement that manages to eventually emerge will be stronger for it.

A chart to help conceptualize the distinguishing characteristics of each archetype:

The “Progressive” Archetype The “Conservative” Archetype
Idealistic Pragmatic
Moral instead of moralising; less prescriptive and rules-based, more concerned with fairness Moralising; tend to favour prescriptive, rules-based morality
Tolerance for ambiguity and nuance, more willing to bend, break, or change rules, skeptical of black-and-White, absolute categories — can lead to overlooking simple explanations in search of nuance Black-and-White thinking, prefer clear-cut and unambiguous categories, descriptions, rules, impatient with nuance and ambiguity — can lead to being simplistic and inflexible
Emphasize collective responsibility, structural factors Emphasize personal agency
Value interdependence Value self-reliance
Open to change — can lead to novelty-seeking when taken too far Skeptical of and resistant to change — can lead to being stubborn and set in their ways
“Let’s try…” “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.”
Tend to give second chances and make exceptions — can lead to naïveté and being taken advantage of Prefer hard and fast rules with no exceptions — can lead to missed opportunities, and inability to forgive in personal relationships
Concerned about regretting a missed opportunity Concerned about regretting a bad decision
Sympathize and identify with the “underdog”, the “little guy”, e.g. the poor, the workers, the oppressed, the victim Sympathize and identify with the wealthy, the business owners, the authorities
Ascribe material success, or lack thereof, to circumstance, luck, being “born into it” Ascribe material success, or lack thereof, to personal agency, moral character, what one deserves
Intellectually curious — can lead to self-conceit and/or too much trust in intellectuals Impatient with intellectualism — can lead to anti-intellectualism and small-mindedness
Desire to expand during good times Desire to save for hard times
Value eloquence, wit, new ideas, “what you know” Value work ethic, proven capabilities, material success, “what you can do”
Prefer complex and nuanced explanations — sometimes to a fault, where a simple one could suffice — can lead to over-complicating issues Prefer simple explanations — can become overly simplistic and one-dimensional
Value prestige Value material wealth
Reforming social norms, traditions, and institutions Preserving social norms, traditions, and institutions
Innovation, exploration, reform Questioning unnecessary change, slowing down change to give time to adapt
Pushing for fairness, advocating for less fortunate, giving second chances, grappling with moral questions, establishing good relations with out-groups Enforcing rules, order, morals, and social norms, setting boundaries between in-group/out-group
Example social roles: intellectuals, artists, care-givers, reformers, diplomats Example social roles: producers, builders, enforcers (e.g. police), wealth creators